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Selling soybeans, iron and copper ore and other commodities to Asian countries has transformed Latin America over the past decade, stabilizing economies despite worldwide crises and lifting tens of millions of people into the middle class. Now, say officials from both Asia and Latin America, a second gold rush is under way.

Asian investors flush with hundreds of billions of dollars in cash now see Latin America as a top business opportunity, and they’re flooding into manufacturing, construction and other industries, particularly in up-and-coming countries such as Brazil, Peru and Mexico. That’s transforming the lucrative relationship that was based primarily on exporting raw materials to Asia, an arrangement that frustrated governments eager to stimulate their own manufacturing.

Government and business officials meeting this week at the World Economic Forum in Mexico said the investment surge means Asia is poised to overtake the United States and the European Union as Latin America’s top trading partner over the next decade. Asian representatives have been an unmistakable presence at the forum, with South Korean, Chinese and Japanese investors making the rounds at this seaside city’s gleaming white convention hall.

“We’re talking about tens of billions of dollars in just Korean banks looking for a destination,” said Kevin Lu, Asia Pacific regional director of a World Bank Group agency that insures foreign investments against political risk. “When I meet with investors, Latin America is in every conversation about this.”

Already, Chinese investment in Latin America has jumped from a few million dollars just a few years ago to about $15 billion in 2010, with most of the money going into mining and other extractive industries in Brazil, Peru and other nations, said Alicia Barcena, executive secretary for the Chile-based United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Chinese investment in the region jumped again last year, to about $23 billion, Barcena said.

Japan, meanwhile, surpassed even that figure last year and displaced China as the region’s top Asian investment and trade partner, Barcena said. She didn’t provide a precise number for Japan’s total.

China already ranks among the top three trading partners with Peru, Brazil, Chile and Argentina, and Asian investment in auto and other manufacturing in Mexican industrial cities has greatly expanded the middle class.

“I don’t have any doubt that Asia will soon become the region’s top trading partner,” said Mexican Economy Secretary Bruno Ferrari Garcia de Alba. “In Mexico, we believe we need to get closer and closer to Asia.”

According to the U.N. economic commission, 17 percent of Latin America’s exports went to Asian-Pacific countries in 2010, more than tripling from 5 percent in 2000 business card design. Over the same span, the share of the region’s total exports that went to the United States dropped from 60 percent to 40 percent.

Ferrari said Asian-Pacific countries buy 31 percent of Mexico’s total exports, amounting to $110 billion, with that number growing by an average of 20 percent annually over the past five years.

Lu, of the World Bank Group agency, said raw material industries in Latin America are now getting only 40 percent to 50 percent of total Asian investment in the region, while the rest goes to manufacturing, construction and other businesses.

He said foreign money flowing into a new region often first goes into buying natural resources because it’s a simpler business than making things, which requires dealing with labor, setting up supply chains and complying with various government rules.

“The Chinese look at natural resources as easier to manage, while manufacturing and construction is a lot more complicated,” Lu said. “It’s a very natural progression for any bilateral trade relationship to start to become broader, and to move into other areas.”

Hanwha, a South Korean petrochemicals company, is considering manufacturing in Latin America rather than continue to concentrate its production in China, said Sang M. Lee, CEO of the company’s U.S. operations.

At the same time, the company is eyeing the Latin American market, especially as it moves into solar energy, Lee said after a Wednesday morning at the World Economic Forum dedicated to the future of Asian-Latin American relations.

“We need that new production because there are a lot of resources in Latin America, and we need more markets,” Lee said. “We’re just at a beginning stage with this.”

To be seen is whether the rising Asian investment will quiet concerns around Latin America that exporting commodities while importing manufactured Asian goods will ruin domestic companies and leave the region vulnerable. Brazil, in particular, has raised import tariffs on manufactured goods to protect its own industries.

Peruvian Trade and Tourism Minister Jose Luis Silva Martinot made clear Wednesday that despite the economic benefits from Asian trade and investment, Peru still sees China and other Asian countries as competitors.

“We can see they’re up scaling the quality of their products,” Silva said. “Three-quarters of our exports are raw materials. It’s something we want to change.”

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Germany’s ZEW survey of investor optimism unexpectedly rose in April for a fifth straight month in another upbeat sign for Europe’s biggest economy despite recurring turmoil from the debt crisis hitting the 17 countries that use the euro.

The survey’s index, released Tuesday, rose to 23.4 from 22.3 in March. Analysts had expected a dip to 19.0, with some predicting a figure as low as 15.0.

The upbeat views run counter to the recent concern about bond market pressure on Spain and Italy, and were gathered from 275 financial experts between April 2 and April 16, during which the interest rate on those countries’ bonds rose _ a sign of financial distress.

Germany’s economy, driven by strong exports to Asia and North American, is expected to outpace the eurozone economy as a whole this year. The Bundesbank, the country’s national central bank, forecasts growth of 0.6 percent this year and 1.8 percent next year.

The eurozone economy as a whole is expected to shrink by 0.3 percent, according to estimates by the European Union’s executive commission.

Cutbacks in government spending in indebted countries including Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Italy are weighing on growth and boosting unemployment in large parts of the shared currency bloc.

ZEW President Wolfgang Franz said the data for Germany showed that “financial market experts have maintained their positive outlook for the next half year. “

He said the small size of the increase suggested that optimism was beginning to run up against concerns about possible risks. “The fact that the indicator is running in place shows, however, that the optimism about the real economy has been held back by significant risks, such as for example cyclical weakness of important trade partners and the debt crisis in the eurozone.”

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The U.S. unemployment rate might now be below 8 percent had Congress adopted all of President Barack Obama

The Citizens Utility Board is pushing for a cut in Ameren Illiniois’ rates to exclude $42.8 million in spending, including hundreds of thousands of dollars for branding, corporate sponsorships, lobbying and athletic events.

Ameren Illinois in March filed a proposal with the Illinois Commerce Commission that would initially reduce electric rates across its service territory by $19.5 million.

But in testimony filed with the ICC, the Chicago-based consumer group said the reduction in electric delivery rate should go further.

“Ameren’s proposal doesn’t even come close to giving its customers the upfront decrease they deserve,” CUB Executive Director David Kolata said.

The rate proposal filed earlier this year is part of Ameren’s 10-year plan to spend $625 million to improve the power grid and install so-called smart meters.

The grid modernization plan was authorized in a bill approved by the legislature last year. The sweeping measure also established a formula for setting future electric rates in Illinois.

The ICC is expected to adjust Ameren’s rates in October.

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The leader of Cyprus’ Orthodox Christian Church says it wants to invest in the country’s energy sector.

Archbishop Chrysostomos II said Monday the Church is looking primarily at solar panel manufacturing and building a power plant as part of investment plans that could run in the “tens and possibly hundreds of millions” of euros (dollars).

Chrysostomos II says the Church’s investment is aimed at boosting the country’s economy.

Eurozone member Cyprus is relying on a (EURO)2.5 billion ($3.27 billion) low-interest loan from Russia to see it through this year after a string of credit rating downgrades have left it unable to borrow from international markets.

Officials hope the discovery of a sizable, offshore natural gas field will help turn the economy around.

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Employers in the U.S. added fewer jobs than forecast in March, underscoring Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke

If you thought having thousands of Twitter followers made you famous, how about showing up in a reality television series?

Bravo announced plans on Wednesday for two new shows focused on the tech realm.

The network is teaming with Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg’s sister Randi Zuckerberg, who left Facebook in August to start her own media company, for a series with the working title of "Silicon Valley."

According to Bravo’s site, the show "captures the intertwining lives of young professionals on the path to becoming Silicon Valley’s next great success stories."

It’s too early to tell say whether Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg will make a cameo. Perhaps instead of cat-fights, viewers will see code wars and hackathons. Bravo was mum on the details, and Zuckerberg — that’s Randi, not Mark — did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Bravo also unveiled plans for a tech series with the working title called "Huh?," giving viewers an inside look at the crew behind ICanHasCheezburger.com. Run by entrepreneur Ben Huh, the Seattle-based Cheezburger, Inc. is known for LOLcats, FAIL blog, and its empire of Internet memes.

Bravo has frequently teamed up with buzzy tech startups, from Foursquare to TaskRabbit, to promote its shows, so a show tracking the young founders behind many of those startups isn’t a complete surprise.

Let’s just hope "Silicon Valley" doesn’t end up titled "Real Entrepreneurs of Silicon Valley."  

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While the debate over "QE3" continues within the Federal Reserve, it seems more policymakers are leaning away from supporting further stimulus.

At the central bank’s last policymaking meeting, Fed officials continued to discuss whether they should buy more assets in a third round of quantitative easing, commonly known as QE3.

But only "a couple" members were in favor of more stimulus, as opposed to two months earlier, when a "few" did so.

"A couple of members indicated that the initiation of additional stimulus could become necessary if the economy lost momentum or if inflation seemed likely to remain below its mandate consistent rate of 2% over the medium run," minutes released Tuesday said.

The Fed’s language on the overall economy also seemed more upbeat than in January, pointing to "encouraging" jobs data.

Since the financial crisis, the Fed has purchased $2.3 trillion in Treasuries and mortgage debt in the first two rounds of quantitative easing. The intent is that these policies will bring interest rates lower, boosting the economy by giving businesses and consumers access to cheaper credit.

Some members have recently indicated that by buying more mortgage backed securities, the Fed may be able to give a bigger boost to the struggling U.S. housing market.

Others have pointed to stronger jobs data as a sign that the economy is healing on its own, and may not need further assistance from the Fed.

Richmond Fed President Jeffrey Lacker was the only member of the central bank’s 10-person Federal Open Market Committee voting against the use of language that specifies interest rates will likely remain low until the end of 2014.

He believes the economy will heat up enough to warrant a hike in interest rates before then. 

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