The banking industry in St. Louis isn’t quite over the recessionary hump, but it’s heading in the right direction, industry observers say.
Overall, the 78 banks headquartered in St. Louis turned a small profit — $15 million — in the first quarter after losing $433 million in 2009. Only nine banks lost money from January through March.
"These are the best numbers we’ve seen since the first quarter of 2008," said Julie Stackhouse, chief bank regulator at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "It is a turning point, and that’s a good thing to see."
That doesn’t mean that it’s easier to get a loan. As of March, loans were down 4 percent from last December and down 9 percent from March of last year.
That drop isn’t solely due to fearful bankers’ becoming tight-fisted. Bankers say their best business borrowers are hoarding cash and not ready to borrow to fund expansions.
"They’re still waiting," said Rick Sems, regional president for PNC Bank, which owns National City Bank in St. Louis. Local business have seen their profits rise, but that’s because of cost cutting.
"They’ve completely rationalized their organizations, and now we’re seeing a little bit of top line growth," Sems said. That revenue growth should lead to more borrowing over time.
The Fed’s national survey of lenders shows that bankers have at last stopped tightening their lending standards for business loans, although they haven’t begun to loosen. "We expect that credit is going to continue to be tight," said Craig Fehr, financial services analyst for the Edward Jones brokerage.
The count of problem loans held steady at local banks from December through March, although it’s still up 43 percent from March 2008.
"Unless we have an economic shock, it’s reasonable to expect that we’ll see stabilization," says Stackhouse.
About 4.6 percent of loans are troubled at local banks — more than double the figure that banks see in normal times. The count includes loans where payments are far behind, foreclosed loans and loans that were modified because borrowers couldn’t pay.
The wild card involves commercial real estate. Loans for office buildings, apartment complexes and the like make up 36 percent of loan portfolios at local banks.
Commercial real estate loans go bad with a lag — landlords can keep up their loan payments for a while even after tenants have moved out payday loans no faxing. The Congressional Oversight Panel, set up to monitor the federal bank bailout, warned in February that "a wave of commercial real estate loan failures could threaten America’s already-weakened financial system."
Meanwhile, banks are benefitting from a widening profit spread between the interest they must pay depositors and what they can charge borrowers, says Joe Stieven of Stieven Capitol Advisors, a longtime St. Louis bank analyst.
The recession killed off much competition from non-banks — insurance firms, business finance companies and other lenders who often undercut the interest rates offered by banks. "They had destroyed rational loan pricing for about five years," said Stieven.
The local bank numbers exclude banks with big St. Louis operations but that are based elsewhere — such as U.S. Bank and Bank of America. They generally don’t break out their results by region.
Among local banks, nearly all of last year’s loss came from a single player, First Bank of Clayton. The bank lost $405 million last year, much of it on development loans made in California. First Bank lost money in this year’s first quarter, but the loss was down dramatically to $23 million.
First Bank has been selling off pieces of its business, including some loans, to raise cash and improve its capital levels. Only about a third of the bank’s operation is in St. Louis. Excluding First Bank, loans by St. Louis banks are down only 3 percent from a year ago.
Three small locally based banks — Westbridge, First Advantage and People’s Bank & Trust — failed to meet the federal standards as "well capitalized" as of March. A spokesman for First Advantage said it climbed back to the well-capitalized level in April. David Thompson, president of Peoples, called it a "temporary setback" and said the bank had a plan to improve capital.
Westbridge was below the level of "adequate" capital under federal guidelines. A bank without adequate capital is considered in danger of failure. Westbridge CEO Rick Hummell said that a group of investors still planned to buy and rescue the bank, and that they hoped to get regulatory approval in June.
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